https://www.chenk.top/en/categories/tutorial/Recent content in Tutorial on Chen Kai BlogHugoenWed, 28 Jun 2023 09:00:00 +0000https://www.chenk.top/en/standalone/lamp-on-ecs/Wed, 28 Jun 2023 09:00:00 +0000https://www.chenk.top/en/standalone/lamp-on-ecs/<p>You have a fresh ECS instance and SSH access. Your goal is to run a public website with Apache, PHP, and MySQL. Three common issues often trip up beginners:</p> <ol> <li><strong>Network reachability</strong> — packets are silently dropped by the cloud security group, the OS firewall, or the listening socket, and the symptom is always the same: nothing happens.</li> <li><strong>Service wiring</strong> — Apache, PHP, and MySQL are separate processes that need to find each other through file extensions, Unix sockets, and TCP ports. Each interface has its own way to fail.</li> <li><strong>Identity and permissions</strong> — Apache runs as <code>www-data</code>, MySQL runs as <code>mysql</code>, files are owned by <code>root</code> after <code>wget</code>. The wrong combination produces 403, &ldquo;Access denied&rdquo;, or <code>chmod 777</code> desperation.</li> </ol> <p>This guide covers these issues in the order you&rsquo;ll encounter them on day one and continues with topics that arise later, such as TLS, virtual hosts, backups, source compilation, and when to stop running everything on a single box.</p>