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PCA

Feb 5, 2026 ML Math Derivations 15 min read

ML Math Derivations (17): Dimensionality Reduction and PCA

High-dimensional spaces are hostile to distance-based learning. This article derives PCA from two equivalent angles (max variance and min reconstruction error), and extends to kernel PCA, LDA, t-SNE, and ICA -- with …

Apr 9, 2025 Linear Algebra 21 min read

Essence of Linear Algebra (15): Linear Algebra in Machine Learning

Machine learning speaks linear algebra as its native language. From PCA to SVMs, from matrix factorization in recommender systems to gradient descent optimization -- see how vectors, matrices, and decompositions power …

Feb 26, 2025 Linear Algebra 15 min read

Singular Value Decomposition -- The Crown Jewel of Linear Algebra

SVD decomposes any matrix -- not just square or symmetric ones. From image compression to Netflix recommendations, from face recognition to gene analysis, SVD is the most powerful and most universal decomposition in …